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M. S. Subbulakshmi

1916–2004

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The first musician ever awarded India's Bharat Ratna, M. S. Subbulakshmi is the defining voice of 20th-century Carnatic classical and devotional song. From her Madras Music Academy debut in the 1930s to her historic 1966 UN General Assembly concert, her renditions of kritis, bhajans, and hymns shaped what devotional performance sounds like across South India and the Tamil diaspora. Her recording of Suprabhatam still wakes millions every morning.